To steelmaking enterprise that, steel-making equipment operation condition of good or not is the normal production enterprise the direct factors. Now the machinery of steelmaking plant is used mostly mechanical and electrical integration of liquid, especially in some high temperature and long distance and high power transmission area hydraulic transmission played an important role. The normal operation of the hydraulic system is its good technical status of a main mark. Qualified hydraulic transmission medium is hydraulic system and reliable operation of the safeguard. The correct maintenance is hydraulic system and reliable operation of the basic. For this is the steel-making equipment maintenance of the hydraulic system for a simple introduction.
A, choose appropriate hydraulic oil
The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil system has the dual role, first as the energy of the media, and the second is the work as a lubricant lubrication parts surface. The hydraulic oil choice is inappropriate is hydraulic system failure and the durability of the decline of the early primary cause. Should press random "operation instruction" specified in the brand choose hydraulic oil, special circumstances to use with oil generation, should strive to its performance and the original brand the same performance. Different type of hydraulic oil can not be mixed with use, in case the hydraulic oil produces chemical reaction, performance change. Dark brown, ivory, the smell of the hydraulic oil is metamorphic oil, can not be used.
Second, maintain the matters needing attention
At present some steelmaking mechanical hydraulic system has set up intelligent device, this device for hydraulic system some hidden trouble have warning functions, but its monitoring scope and accuracy has certain limitation, so check the maintenance of the hydraulic system should be intelligent device monitoring results and regular inspection maintenance combined.
(1) check the maintenance oil filters filter on the attached objects, such as metal powder too much, often marks the oil pump wear or hydraulic cylinder cylinder scraping. To this, must be diagnosed and adopt corresponding measures to boot. Such as the discovery of filter damage, dirt accumulation, want to change in time, when necessary and replace hydraulic oil.
(2) in the hydraulic machine operation after 500 hours, no matter how they should be replaced in filter, because by the human eye, filter tiny imperceptible damage, if long time high temperature operation should also be appropriate change ahead of the filter element. 1000 hours should clean, clean oil tank, oil filters filter core and replacement of the hydraulic oil, long-term hot work oil time must be suitable in advance. If can be through the oily detection analysis to guide oil is the most economic, but be aware that extended use of hydraulic oil, every 100 hours will be detected once, so that the timely discovery and replace the metamorphic hydraulic oil. Hydraulic system work 7000 hours and 10000 hours of hydraulic system need by professional testing, make necessary adjustment and maintenance. Imported hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor work 10000 hours after must overhaul, or hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor for neglect may be damaged, the hydraulic system is fatal damage. Domestic hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor shall give overhaul.
3 prevent solid impurities mixed in with hydraulic system
Clean the hydraulic oil is the life of the hydraulic system. Hydraulic system has many precision components, some hydraulic valve set holes or gaps damping, etc. If the solid impurities invasion would cause precision components scratches, gets stuck, oil way up and so on, and endanger the safety operation of the hydraulic system. General solid material invasion approaches are: the hydraulic oil unclean; Refueling tools unclean; Come on and maintenance, maintenance immodesty; Hydraulic components take off bits, etc. Can from the following several aspects to prevent solid impurities intrusion system:
(1) when the hydraulic oil filter must go, come on tools should be clean and reliable. Can't in order to improve the speed and remove the fuel tank cheer on the filter in the mouth. Come on personnel should use clean gloves and working clothes.
(2) when the hydraulic oil tank remove maintenance fuel cap, filter, detection holes, cover hydraulic oil tube and other parts, hydraulic system to avoid exposure to oil way when dust, remove the part to thoroughly first after cleaning to be open. If remove hydraulic oil tank fuel cap, remove the flap raises the soil around the first, loosen the flap raises removal after remain in joints parts of the sundry (can't wash with water lest waterlogging tank), confirmed to be open after cleaning the flap raises. If need to use brush try materials and the hammer, should choose not to drop fiber materials and struck the impurity wipe the surface attached special rubber hammer. Hydraulic parts, hydraulic hose to serious cleaning, with a high wind blow dry after assembly. Choose the package is in good quality goods filter (if packing damage, although filter in good condition, also may not clean). To replace the oil and cleaning the filters, installation filter application before brush try materials serious clearing filter shell internal dirt.
(3) the hydraulic system of cleaning oil must use the same number of system and hydraulic oil, the oil temperature is between 80 ℃ ~ in 45, with big flow flush, as far as possible will system impurities away. Hydraulic system repeatedly cleaning three or more times, each time after cleaning in hot oil will all of its release system. After cleaning oil filters, replace new filter after new oil filling.
4 to prevent air and water into the hydraulic system
(1) prevent air into hydraulic system, in ordinary pressure under normal temperature, the hydraulic oil contains volume ratio is 6% ~ 8% of air, air pressure decreases from oil freed and bubbles that hydraulic components "cavitation erosion", noise. A lot of air into the oil will make "cavitation erosion" phenomenon intensifies, the hydraulic oil absorbance increase, the work is not stable, reduce work efficiency, executive element has "the crawling" and other adverse consequences. In addition, the air still can make the hydraulic oil oxidation, accelerate the metamorphism. To prevent air into the following points should be paid attention to: 1) repair and replace the oil according to random after the operation instruction "provisions of the system air out. 2) the hydraulic pumps suction pipe mouth shall not show oil surface, suck tubing shall be sealed good way. 3) the pump drive shaft sealing should be good, change the oil seal should be used when the "mouth" quality goods oil seal, cannot use the "single lip" oil seal instead of, because "single lip" oil seal can only one-way seal oil, and do not have the function of sealing gas.
(2) to prevent water invasion hydraulic system, hydraulic oil contains excess moisture can make hydraulic components rust, oil emulsification metamorphism, lubricating oil film strength is reduced, accelerate mechanical wear. In addition to prevent moisture maintenance the invasion, but also pay attention to the oil barrel need not when to tighten the cover, the best placed; Big water content of the hydraulic oil to by many filter, each filter a minor change once a drying of filter paper. In no special instrument test, but will the hydraulic oil drops to hot on the iron, no steam out immediately and burning can refill.
5 work matters
(1) the hydraulic equipment homework to soft smooth, should avoid rough, otherwise inevitable impact load, make the hydraulic equipment failure frequency, greatly shorten its service life. The impact of work load, on the one hand, will make the steel mechanical structure early wear, fracture, broken, on the other hand and hydraulic system the impact pressure, shock pressure and can make hydraulic components damage, oil seal and high pressure hose connector and hose pressure and place of premature failure oil leakage or pipe explosion, overflow valve move that frequent oil temperature rise. To effectively avoid impact load: must be strictly implemented procedures; Hydraulic valves open and close of conduct pipe, not too fast; Avoid to work device component moving to produce strong limit position strike;
(2) should pay attention to cavitation erosion and overflow noise, in steelmaking equipment are aware of hydraulic pump and relief valve of voice, if hydraulic pump appear "cavitation erosion" noise, should find out reason out fault before use. If a execution element in no load slow, and overflow with relief valve noise, and should immediately stop overhaul.
(3) strictly carry out regular inspection system, check the content have hydraulic system is leakage, and connection are loose, piston rod and hydraulic hose is bruises, hydraulic pump of low-pressure into connection are reliable, hydraulic oil tank oil level is correct, etc. In addition, atmospheric type hydraulic oil tank and examine and clean air vents, maintain its clear, in case of stomatal jams caused by hydraulic oil tank appeared in a vacuum, hydraulic pumps the oil absorption difficulties or damage.
(4) keep appropriate hydraulic oil temperature, hydraulic system of the average temperature control in 20 ~ 80 ℃ between advisable. Hydraulic system of high oil temperature will lead to lower the viscosity of the hydraulic oil, it is apt to cause the leak, efficiency down; The oil film of the decrease of strength, speed up the mechanical wear; Generate carbide and silting ballastless; The oil oxidation acceleration, oily deteriorating; Oil seal, high-pressure hose premature aging, etc. In order to avoid the temperature too high; Don't long-term overload; The radiator heat sink not to be oil pollution, in case the dust attached to the influence to come loose hot effect; Keep enough oil for the hydraulic oil circulation heat dissipation. The hydraulic oil temperature is too low, the viscosity of big, poor liquidity, big resistance and low working efficiency; When the oil temperature 20 ℃ below-sharp turn damaged hydraulic motor, valve, pipeline, etc. At this time to need to use a heater warming machine for operation, start motor, no-load running 6-8 minutes, make the hydraulic oil through the relief to heat up. If the oil temperature is needed to lower to appropriately increase the warm machine running time.
(5) the hydraulic oil tank air pressure and oil pressure type of control, hydraulic oil tank in the work must always be hydraulic oil tank air pressure, the pressure must be kept in random "instructions" regulation range. Pressure is too low oil pump oil absorption shortage damaged; High pressure hydraulic system will make oil leakage, easy to cause the low pressure oil pipe explosion. To repair and replace the oil of the hydraulic system row after all the air system according to random after the operation instruction "provisions check the oil a state.
(6) other precautions, mechanical assignments to prevent flutter or use tools of iron struck the hydraulic oil cylinder piston, hydraulic oil tube, joints and body parts, etc. If there is a small point on the piston rod of the wounded, with little point in time oil-stone will edge around wear away, to scratch the piston rod sealing devices, under the condition of the leakage of oil can continue to use.
